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CEMENT PLASTER

HISTORY OF CEMENT

CEMENT Cement
The word is the name of several adhesives. It derives from the Latin Today we call cement cement equal to various adhesives, but preferably, the material used to join in the construction of buildings and civil engineering works.
HISTORY OF CEMENT
Egyptians used gypsum and calcined limestone limestone Greeks and Romans. Later the Romans used a mixture of lime and pozzolana. Coliseum in Rome. In the Middle Ages there was no breakthrough and was built stone and limestone. Although cements are forged and hardened with water were known since antiquity the term Portland cement - 1824 by the Englishman Joseph Aspdin. The first modern Portland cement - Britain in 1845. Isaac Charles Johnson's first rotary kilns - 1880 The introduction of cement in Peru started in the 1860's. Indeed, in 1864 was introduced in the Customs Tariff, heading for the so-called "Roman Cement" In Peru: cement manufacturing dates back to 1916 to become the CIA Peruvian Portland cement, today "Cementos Lima



HYDRAULIC CEMENT
finely divided inorganic material, mixing with water, forms a paste that sets and hardens under hydration reactions and processes that, once hardened, resistenciay retains its stability even under water.
A hydraulic cement produced by pulverizing clinker (calcium silicate), with added calcium sulfate

PORTLAND CEMENT PORTLAND CEMENT

1.1: Clinker + Gypsum

1.2 PORTLAND CEMENT ADDED: Clinker + Gypsum + MINERAL ADDITION

1.1 PORTLAND CEMENT TYPE
I: general use.
TYPE II: For general use, specifically when you want
moderate sulfate resistance or moderate heat of hydration.
TYPE III: When high early strength is required.
TYPE IV: When you want low heat of hydration.
TYPE V: To be used when you want high sulfate resistance.



1.2. PORTLAND CEMENT ADDED:
Clinker + Gypsum + ADDITION ADDITION MINERAL MINERAL
: inorganic materials that incorporate cement or concrete, to improve their properties. KEY ADDITIONS
:
a) Pozzolan
b) Blast Furnace Slag
c) Fillers

Portland pozzolan cement
1. Pozzolanic Portland cement Type IP: Produced jointly by grinding clinker and pozzolan (15% - 40%).
2. Modified pozzolanic Portland cement Type I (PM): Produced by joint grinding of clinker and pozzolan (pozzolan content: less than 15%).
3. Pozzolanic Portland cement type P: For use in construction when not required high levels of resistance.

SLAG PORTLAND CEMENT
1. Portland Slag Cement Type IS: Produced jointly by grinding clinker and slag (slag content 25% - 70%).
2. Slag Modified Portland Cement Type I (SM): Produced by joint grinding of clinker and slag (slag content < 25%).
PORTLAND CEMENT COMPOSITE TYPE Portland Cement Cor joint obtained by spraying Portland clinker, limestone materials and / or inert to up to 30%

PORTLAND CEMENT SPECIFICATION Peformance
performance requirements of Portland cement for general and special applications. There are no restrictions on the composition of cement of their constituents. TYPE: GU .- Use Type
general. Type
HE .- High early strength. Type
MS .- Of moderate sulfate resistance. Type
HS .- High sulfate resistance. Type
MH .- In moderate heat of hydration. Type
LH .- Low heat of hydration.

CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF CEMENT MANUFACTURE



COMMODITIES
Minerals containing the main components of cement - calcium oxide (CaO) - silicon oxide (SiO2) / silica - Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) / alumina, iron oxide (Fe2O3)

CEMENT COMPOSITION
a) Component limestone: limestone (CaCO3), between 70 - 80% of the raw materials required to manufacture the clinker.
b) Component clay: Clay (hydrated aluminum silicates), accounts for 15 to 25% of the raw materials required to manufacture the clinker.
c) Components weightings are added in cases where the available raw materials do not contain enough of the chemicals required for oil - Arena, to increase the silica content. - Iron ore, for raising the iron oxide content. CLINKER


When combined during the sintering process in the oven the four elements: calcium, silicon, aluminum and iron, are produced four new major mineralogical compounds in the clinker, which are: Alita tricalcium silicate C3S
initial Resistors - High heat of hydration
Belita dicalcium silicate C2S Long-term resistance
tricalcium aluminate C3A resistance is not affected. Controlled setting. Very unstable chemical attack
FERRO aluminate tetracalcium Celita C4AF Very little influence on the behavior of cement

MANUFACTURING PROCESS CEMENT PRODUCTION

EXTRACTION

CRUSHING

HOMOGENIZATION
MILLING AND DOSAGE

PRODUCTION BY CEMENT COMPANY




MARKETING Most of the cement sold in bags of 42.5 K. and other bulk, according to the requirements on user bags usually are made krap paper Klupac extensible type with variable content of leaves, which are usually two to four, according to the requirements of transport or handling.

STORAGE

The willingness to be adopted for the storage of specific inputs, contributes to the smooth progress of the work, and allows the efficient production of quality concrete.

• Location and characteristics of the area where the building sits.

• Average consumption of concrete in accordance with the timetable of the work

minimum

• Stock should be maintained. REGULATIONS -

5 Standards specifications,

1 Standard sampling and inspection,

1 Standard for terminology,

4 Rules for additions,

4 Rules additive,

45 standards on test methods. Peruvian Technical Standards (NTP) are in harmony with ASTM Standards. RULES

1.1 SPECIFICATIONS PORTLAND CEMENT: NTP 334.009:1997 (ASTM C - 150)

1.2 PORTLAND CEMENT ADDED: NTP 1.3 334.090:2001

PORTLAND CEMENT. PERFORMANCE STANDARD: NTP 1.5 334.082:2001

MICROFILL LIMESTONE CEMENT WITH NTP 1.4 334.078:1997

MASONRY CEMENT: NTP 334.069:1998

PROCESSING Peruvian Technical Standard

• Cementos Lima SA

• NORTHERN CEMENT SA

PACASMAYO

• Cemento Andino SA

• Cementos Yura SA

• SOUTHERN CEMENT SA

•

ININVI

MTCVC

• • PUC-FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

PREMIX

• • COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING - CIVIL ENGINEERING CAPÍTULODE - LIMA • INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY ARPL

ASOCEM

• • UNI-FAC. CIVIL