September 2005

Tuesday, September 27, 2005

How Much Is Insurance For A Dj

¡¡¡¡¡..... First Research ...!!!! Second Research ¡¡¡¡¡......

First Research

1 .- Definition of plating or electroplating.

"The galvanosplastía is a process using electricity, a metal is placed over another. It does carry an electric current of the submerged foils (anode) to the object that has a lining through a metal salt solution (electrolysis). The metal ions are attracted by objects that are lined and
here shed their electrical charges and are deposited on their surfaces
. "

Electrolysis is an electrochemical process which produces the chemical breakdown of a substance by passing an electric current.

1. © Copyright 1996 - 2004, Multimedia Ecological Environment. Ecological Dictionary: http://www.ambiente-ecologico.com/ediciones/diccionarioEcologico/diccionarioEcologico.php3?letra=G&numero=01&rango=GAIA_-_GIPS% C3% 93FILO

2. This page was last modified at 00:14, 24 September, 2005. Electrolysis http://www.uc.cl/quimica/agua/glos2.htm

3. oxidation-reduction. Image available on the Web http://fresno.cnice.mecd.es/ ~ fgutie6/quimica2/ArchivosHTML/Teo_5_princ.htm

equation 2 .- Concepts chemical and chemical reaction. Elements.

chemical equation: is the formal representation of a chemical reaction in terms symbols of elements and formulas of the compounds involved in chemical processing.

Chemical reaction: process during which a substance (or substances) to make a change or more new substances.

3 .- The difference between these two concepts.

Differences:

- esros The difference between two concepts is that the chemical reaction is the Prosesa of the union of the reactants, while the chemical equations is the symbolic representation of the expresinon.

"The chemical reactions are substances that change, to form new substances, while the chemical equation symbolically describes the components involved in the reaction.

"In the chemical reaction, bonds in the reactants are broken and new bonds forming stem products. The chemical reaction is represented by the chemical equation, which is equal training new links.

eg

Unadjusted H2O H2 + O2 ===
Adjusted: 2 H2 + O2 2 H2O ===

6. CHEMICAL REACTIONS . Accessed on 26 September, available on the Web http://www.teletel.com.ar/quimica/reacciones_quimicas.htm

7. The National Science Foundation Contact us / Report a Bug Copyright © 2003 - 2005, Vision Learning, Inc. http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=56&l = s & c3

8. This web page belongs to Librys.com. Available online http://ptro1.tripod.com/chemistry/id5.html

4 .- Criteria for classifying chemical reactions.

NAME

EXPLANATION

EXAMPLE

composition or synthesis

is that where two or more substances unite ra p to form a single product

2CaO _(s)

_{H 2 O} _(l)

→

Ca (OH ) _{2 (c)}

decomposition or analysis

O incurs when an atom replaces another in a molecule:

2HgO _{( s )}

→

_{2HG (l)}

+ O _{2 (g)}

Neutralization

E n it an acid reacts with a base to form a salt and water release.

_{H 2 SO} _{4 (c)}

2NaOH _(c)

→

Na _{2 SO} _{4 (c)}

_{+ 2H 2 O} _(l)

Displacement

An atom replaces another in a molecule

CuSO4 + Fe

→

FeSO4 + Cu

Exchange or double displacement

S and performed by exchange of atoms between related substances

+ MGS

_{K 2 S}

_{MgSO 4}

→

K 2 SO 4

No electron transfer

Only present a redistribution of the elements to form other substances. There is no exchange of electrons.

double displacement reactions

With electron transfer (redox)

There is change in the number of atoms in oxidation of some reagents for products.

synthesis reactions, decomposition, displacement

endothermic reaction

is that you need to supply heat to be conducted.

2NaH

2Na (s)

_H 2 (g)

exothermic reaction

is one that releases heat when it occurs.

+ H

2C (graphite)

2 (g)

→

_{C 2 H} _{2 (g)}

DH = 54.85 kcal

http://www.cespro.com/Materias/MatContenidos/Contquimica/

5 .- Table to classify the different chemical reactions.

- According to the shape of the kinetic equation:

- Elemental (concentrations of the reactants with exponents equal to the stoichiometric coefficients).

- No elementary (concentrations of the reactants with exponents different from the stoichiometric coefficients).

- Depending on the number of phases:

w Homogeneous (single phase).

w Not homogeneous (more than one phase).

- depending on their complexity:

w Simple (single stoichiometric equation, A + B ------> R).

w Multiple (or complex, not just a single stoichiometric equation). Can be in:

- Series (A ------> ------> R S).

- Parallel (A ------> R; The ------> S).

- Series-Parallel (A + B ------> R, R & B ------> S).

- Regarding the balance:

- Irreversible (full conversion).

- Reversible (equilibrium is reached before it reaches 100% conversion).

9. Classification of reactions available on the Web: http://www.sc.ehu.es/iawfemaf/archivos/materia/00132.htm

carbon synthesis of ammonia ore roasting

	not catalyzed	Catalyzed
Homogeneous	Most of the gas-phase reactions	Most liquid-phase reactions
Heterogeneous	Combustion
		Oxidation of ammonia to nitric acid to
	solid attack by acids	Cracking oil
	gas-liquid absorption with reaction	_{Oxidation of SO 2 to SO} ₃

According to its temperature

10. Classification of reactions available on the Web: http://www.sc.ehu.es/iawfemaf/archivos/materia/00132.htm

11. Http://www.huascaran.edu.pe/estudiantes/acurriculares/cta-reacciones-quimicas.htm

6 .- Write 5 examples of each class of chemical reactions with their respective equations and names.

endothermic reactions to occur for these reactions have to provide energy. For example, to separate the components of water is necessary power input: A reaction which absorbs energy.

exothermic reactions are those in which it is released or energy is released, usually in the form of heat (energy)

If you put nails in a glass with muriatic acid (hydrochloric acid), touching the glass will feel a bit hot due to the exothermic reaction that occurs .

For your studies, you know that chemical reactions can be represented by equations. The reaction between the iron nails and hydrochloric acid is represented as follows:

http://www.huascaran.edu.pe/estudiantes/acurriculares/cta-reacciones-quimicas.htm

for equilibrium reactions:

When the reaction reaches chemical equilibrium then the speed of the two reactions is the same:

The equilibrium constant is defined as the reaction rate constant of production between the reversal rate constant:

reactions can occur in a single step (elementary reactions):

Example:

http://docentes.uacj.mx/lcamacho/cinetica.htm

http://www.sc.ehu.es/iawfemaf/archivos/materia/00311.htm

CHEMICAL EQUATION

chemical equation in the relative numbers of molecules of reactants and products are indicated by the coefficients of the formulas that represent these molecules .

HCl +
reagents
NaOH → NaCl
+

products
_{H 2 O}

characteristics of the equation:

1. Indicates the physical state of the reactants and products ( (l) liquid (s) solid (g) gaseous (c) aqueous (solution))

2. Indicate the catalysts substances that speed up or slow down the reaction and are not consumed are above or below the arrow that separates reactants and products.

EXAMPLE:

_{6CO 2} + _{6H 2 O}
→

l solar uz
_{C 6 H} O 12 6 + _{6O 2}

3. Indicate the release or absorption of energy

4. The equation should be balanced, ie the number of atoms that enter must be the same as those emerging

EXAMPLE:

_{2H (g)}
+

_{O 2 (g)}

→

_{2H 2 O} _(l)

+

136 kcal

5. If a delta on the arrow indicates

work heat is supplied to the reaction EXAMPLE:

_{KClO 3}

KCl

+

O ₂

http://www.fortunecity.com/campus/dawson/196/energrea.htm

Http://www.huascaran.edu.pe/estudiantes/acurriculares/cta-reacciones-quimicas.htm
http://web.educastur.princast.es/proyectos/biogeo_ov/2ESO/05_quimica / index.htm

http://www.ilustrados.com/publicaciones/EplVFukuZyDhBkhsiu.php

http://html.rincondelvago.com/reacciones-quimicas_8.html

Is Baby Oil Safe For Masterbation

...!!!!

Second Research

7 .- Methods for balancing or balancing chemical equations

1. Balancing equations by the method of Scoring

2. Balancing equations by the method of Redox

3. Balancing equations by the algebraic method

1. http://html.rincondelvago.com/balanceo-de-ecuaciones-quimicas.html

2. http://www.cespro.com/Materias/MatContenidos/Contquimica/QUIMICA_INORGANICA/reacciones_quimicas.htm

3. http://www.geocities.com/Colosseum/Loge/3802/balanceodeeecuaciones.html

8 .- Explain the process of each methods using two examples in each. Describe the necessary terminology.

1. SCORE OR INSPECTION METHOD

"This method is used for simple equations and involves placing coefficients to the left of each substance, to have the same number of atoms in both reactants and products.

EXAMPLE:

N ₂

_{H 2}

→

_{NH 3}

In this equation there are two nitrogen atoms in the reactants, therefore should be placed _{coefficient of 2 to NH 3}, so that in the products is the same number of atoms of that element.

N ₂

_{H 2}

→

2 NH 3

By placing this factor in the product have six atoms of hydrogen to balance them is to place a ratio of 3 to H 2 reactant:

N ₂

_{H 2}

→

2 NH 3

The equation has been balanced. The number of atoms of each element is the same in reactants and products. "

Balancing equations by the method of Redox

In a backlash if an element is oxidized, it must also be an element that is reduced. Remember that a reaction of oxide reduction is not nothing but a loss and gain of electrons, ie, release or absorption of energy (the presence of light, heat, electricity, etc.).

To balance a reaction this method, consider the following steps:

1) Determine the oxidation numbers of different compounds that exist in the equation.

to determine oxidation numbers of a substance shall be taken into account:

always exist in a formula in as many numbers of positive and negative oxidation

The Hydrogen almost always works with +1, to ecepcion hydrides hydrides where he works with -1

Oxygen almost always works with -2

Anything you are alone, not attached to another, has oxidation number 0

2) After determining the oxidation numbers is analyzed element by element, comparing the first member of the equation with the second, to see what chemical elements change their oxidation numbers

0 0 +3 -2

Fe + O2 Fe2O3

elements that change their oxidation number is the Iron and Oxygen, as the oxygen goes from 0 to -2 and 0 to +3 Fierro

3) comparing numbers items ranging in scale redox

0 0 +3 -2

Fe + O2 Fe2O3

The oxidized iron 3 and the oxygen reduced by 2

4) If the element is oxidized or reduced oxidation number 0, the numbers multiply oxidized or reduced by the subscript element has oxidation number 0

Fierro is oxidized in 3 x 1 = 3

Oxygen is reduced by 2 x 2 = 4

5) The numbers were crossed, ie the number of the element gets the oxide is reduced and vice versa

4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3

numbers finally obtained as coefficients in place of the equation that has more terms and from there continue to balance the equation by trial and error

Balancing equations by the algebraic method

This method is based on the application of algebra. To balance equations should consider the following points

1) Each formula of the equation is assigned a literal and reaction arrow equals sign. Example:

Fe + O2 Fe2O3

ABC

2) For each chemical element in the equation, we propose an algebraic equation

For Fierro A = 2C

For Oxygen 2B = 3C

3) This method allows you to assign a value (the one you want) to the letter that appears in most of algebraic equations In this case the C

So if C = 2

Solving the first algebraic equation, we have:

2B = 3C

2B = 3 (2)

B = 6 / 2

B = 3

The results obtained by this method are algebraic

A = 4

B = 3

C = 2

write These values \u200b\u200bare coefficients in the formulas as they relate to each literal of the chemical equation, the equation is balanced

4Fe + 3O2 2 Fe2O3

1. http://www.cespro.com/Materias/MatContenidos/Contquimica/

2. http://html.rincondelvago.com/balanceo-de-ecuaciones-quimicas.html

9 .- Write 5 examples of equations for each of the methods for balancing chemical equations.

Scoring Method

- Examples:

1. H2SO4 -> H2O + SO3
2. HNO3 -> N2O5 + H2O
3. Fe + H Br -> Fe + H2 Br3
4. Ba + H2SO4 -> BaSO4 + H2
5. Na + H3PO4 -> Na 3 PO 4 + H2

Redox method for you:

- Examples:

KClO3 KCl + O2
+1 +5 -2 +1 -1 0
KClO3
KCl + O2 Cl reduces 6 x 1 = 6
or oxide in 2 x 1 = 2
2KClO3 2KCl + Cu + HNO3
6O2 NO2 + H2O + Cu (NO3) 2
0 +1 +5 -2 +4 -2 +2 -2 +2 +5 -2
Cu + HNO3 NO2 + H2O + Cu (NO3) 2 Cu
oxidized in 2 x 1 = 2
N reduced by 1 x 1 = 1
Cu + 2NO2 + H2O HNO3 + Cu (NO3) 2
4HNO3 Cu + 2NO2 + 2H2O + Cu (NO3) 2

Algebraic meted By:

- Examples

HCl KMnO4 + KCl + MnCl2 + H2O + Cl2

ABCDEF A = \u200b\u200b2E
Cl) A = C +
2F 2D + B = C
Mn) B = D
O) 4B = E
If B = 2

4B = E 4 (2) = E
E = 8 B = C

C = 2 B =
D = 2 D

A = 2E A = 2 (8)
A = 16
A = C + 2D + 2F
16 = 2 + 2 (2) + 2F
F = 10 / 2 F = 5

2KCl 2KmNO4 16HCl + + + 8H2O + 5Cl2 2MnCl2

10. Find out about how they are constructed minimum plating equipment, materials needed and everything related to your application

1º 2 º


	Put water up to 3 / 4 parts of the glass bowl and add copper sulfate to saturation (ie until it is dissolved). Add the black wire one of the alligator clips and attach the element iron. Perform the same operation with the red wire, which will hold the copper plate.


	3 º 4 º


	Connect the black wire to the negative terminal of the battery and the red with the positive and make the elements iron and copper in the basin. As the current flows can be observed as copper and iron corrode will "copper"

http://www.practiciencia.com.ar/cfisicas/quimica/galvano/

11. Write a vocabulary where the definitions are of any new word you found during the investigation.

Oxidation: refers to the average reaction where an atom or group of atoms lose

Reduction : refers to the average reaction where an atom or group of atoms gain

Oxidizing Agent: is the substance that is reduced (gains e-) causing oxidation.

Reducing Agent: is the substance that is oxidized (loses e-) leading to the reduction.

Anodes: m. Chem. Positive electrode.

Kinetics: Party of chemistry that studies the mechanical properties of chemical reactions.

Electrolysis: f. Chem. Decomposition of a body produced by electricity.

Endothermic: f. Chem. called endothermic reaction is any chemical reaction that absorbs heat.

stoichiometric : m. Chem. Part of the chemical responsible for the quantitative study es6tudio of reagents and products in a chemical reaction .

Exothermic: exothermic reaction is called to any chemical reaction that releases heat. Occurs mainly in the oxidation reactions. When this is severe can lead to fire.

Galvanizing: Apply a layer of metal on metal, using the effect galvanism.

reactant: m. Chem. Initial substances are present in a chemical reaction.